My houseplants always loved fish tank water in soil, you can see the difference. Yes, bacteria would be needed to convert the ammonia into nitrites, and then further down into nitrates but bacteria generations cycle every 8 hours, and on top of that I would just not feed my fish 2 days before I took the water out of the tank to put in my res so ammonia levels would be at their lowest while nitrite and nitrate would be higher. Oh and if I were to grow in my fish tank (with the fish in there) the fish wouldnt eat the roots but the nutes would certainly kill them within a day, although the practicality of using a glass res is kind of counterproductive when it would come to cleaning, and as you said, light.
So just to be clear, I'm talking about taking water out of my 30 gal fish tank, putting it in my 10 gallon res and then adding foxfarms nutes to it, I'm just concerned about the bacteria causing root rot or something.