I work with plastics, but i havent studied material sciences or stuff, but i do know a thing or two about them.
First there are better options than mashed soda bottles. PET is pretty hard, so if you have some PET shread, it could easily damage the roots. Also there are other plastics that are more biocompatible. It is possible that over long periods of time, they could start to compose and allow the plants to eat the plastic microparticles.
Polypropylene would be a better budget plastic. And it would make a bit softer shred, but shred might be a bad idea anyways, unless you can make it reaaaaaally fine so that its soft.
But what i really recommend if you are planning to reuse them, is to buy some PVDF granules. It is basically chemically inert plastic and you can even have some inside of your body for hundreds of yours before it leaks out anything. It is a lot more expensive than PP(polypropylene) or basic plastics, but if you dont needs hundreds of litres and you think it as long term investment, it could be worth it. Or maybe test with PP first and then get PVDF if it works. PVDF i can assure your grandchildren could still safely use if they wash them after each grow(it would be dishwasher safe or you could even sterilise it with radiation or with nearly any chemicals/solvents in under 200C degrees and PVDF could handle it), ofc if there were no impurities in producing it in the first place.
You can get plastics in these granule form for very cheap in bulk. These granules are what are being used in plastics industry in injection moulding or you could make 3d-printing filament from these for example. I think the granule form would be pretty optimal for growing hydro. Plastic shred would likely just hurt the roots.
This product is no longer available.
www.alibaba.com