Almost all the questions of interest to speculative minds are such that science cannot answer, and the confident explanation of theologians no longer seem as convincing as they did in former centuries. Is the world divided into mind and matter, and if so… what is mind and what is matter? Is mind subject to matter, or is it possessed of independent powers? Has the universe any unity or purpose? Is it evolving towards some goal? Are there really laws of nature, or do we believe in them only because of our innate love for order? Is man what he seems to the astronomer? A tiny lump of impure carbon and water impotently crawling on a small unimportant planet? Is he perhaps both at once?
Is there a way of living that is noble and another that is base? Or are all ways of living merely futile? If there is a way of living noble in what does it consist and how shall we achieve it? Must the good be eternal in order for it to be valued? Or is it worth seeking even if the universe inexorably moving towards death? Is there such a thing as wisdom, or is what seems such merely the ultimate refinement of folly?
To such questions, no answers can be found in the laboratory. Theologies have professed to give answers all too definitely… but there very definiteness causes modern minds to view them with suspicion.
The studying of these questions, if not the answering of them is the businesses of philosophy.
Science can tell us what we can know, but what we can know is little, and if we forget how much we cannot know we become insensitive to many things of very great importance in the universe.
Theology on the other hand induces the dogmatic belief that we have knowledge, where in fact we have ignorance, and by doing so generates a kind of impertinent insolence towards the universe.
Uncertainty in the presents of vivid hopes and fears is painful, but must be endured if we wish to live without the support of comforting fairy tales……..