Also, nematodes.This topic has been done to death. From experience I can tell you that if you have an gnat infestation you need to take multiple steps in order to eradicate them completely. Fungus gnats have a 4 week life cycle; females lay hundreds of eggs in the soil, larvae live in the soil, pupate and then emerge as adults. In order to bring control you must take measures to kill not only the adults but also the eggs and/or larvae. Easiest measures you can take are using sticky traps (of all kinds) and vacuuming daily around the pots to rid yourself of as many adults as possible... then you'll need something else to kill the larvae. For that I would recommend Bti (Bacillus thuringiensis), sold at every home improvement store as Mosquito Dunks (Mosquito Bits and other Bti products are just less available). The Bti bacteria produces a toxin or larvacide that only kills a few species of insect larvae including fungus gnat and mosquito larvae. If you get the Dunks: break it in half, crush it up good or hit it with [an old] coffee grinder (that you wont use again for grinding any coffee), soak the powdered dunk in a gallon of water for 12-24 hours and then water your plants with it. Re-apply every other week.
That's not enough... I'm tellin ya mang. Listen to the guys above, myself included.I think I purchased soil that had some larva in it. It was kept outside and soon after it came home I was infested. I did a soil transplant, gnat/aphid sticky traps, and Neem spray once a week. so far so good. a good fan that moves back n forth is also good as it helps stop them from landing on plants.
Oh oh oh, aaand... diatomaceous earth works well as a top dressing also. Cuts the bastards open and they dry out.AND after you do all of that put a layer of sand ontop of the soil to stop them from coming back and layin more eggs. I had them for about 3 weeks, I would spray every 3-4 days. They'd be gone at first then slowley come back in numbers so I did a bunch of shit and put sand ontop and it's worked like a charm.
Hey Rize, and anyone else who might be interested...What nullis said, plus another level.
buy some neem cake from www.neemresource.com and mix that into your potting soil. then use it to top dress every 4 weeks or so. that with sticky cards, lots of sticky cards, has been working well for me. of most importance is watering correctly. too much or too often means gnats will explode.
I had those last year that came from "infected" bell pepper container plants bought from Publix. Anyways in a few days they were found in all the planters I had outside. Looking at them made my hair itch on my head! The soil surfaces was swarming with red mites I thought. They were all over the fricken place! I tried to kill them at first and they wouldn't die. They don't even break any pace with alcohol sprayed on contact on a 108F day with the glaring sunlight on bare black soil. After much readings and seeing no harm to plants I took a gamble and left them alone. In a week most bugs hostile to plants and soil were no longer found anywhere except those hypoaspis and mosquitoes. I mean they were no leaf hoppers, leaf miners, gnats aphids, flies and no azamax was used for the remaining summer.Hey Rize, and anyone else who might be interested...
For quite a while now I've been letting these Hypo-defenders roam freely throughout my container plants and soil recycling tote. They're some variety of Hypoaspis mite, which for those who don't know is a kind of micro-arthropod that you can just see with the naked eye. They're tan-orange colored and quite distinguished. These little mites like to eat gnat eggs, larval and/or pupal stages as well as the pupae of various other species of pest insect. They should also be able to survive off of detritus, or dead vegetation.
I've heard of other people allegedly having difficulties maintaining an adequate environment for some Hypoaspis sp. but these guys that I have crawling around seem damn-near impervious to the varying conditions I have put them under. They have lasted through heat and humidity, and still did just fine when I lowered temps to around 66. They went through drought conditions when I let the pots dry out quite thoroughly, and even kept breeding and surviving in my soil recycling tote; where it can get bone dry with ambient temps upwards of 85 degrees.
I am very curious as to how my mites would fare far away from home, or if they'd even survive being air-mailed. With a good food source like fungus gnat larvae or some other soil-dwelling pest insect they should really boom. So if Mr. Rize or any of the other living organics growers here are interested in making arrangements on a small shipment of my Hypo-defenders, feel free the message me.
All I know is that I only notice a few fungus gnats here and there at this point; and usually only hovering around fresh transplants in containers when I forget to apply the mites to them. Other benefits off the top of my head are that they shred organic matter in general, opening it up for microbial decay- and as a consequence carve out passageways through which air and water will flow. They will also port bacteria and fungal spores around like taxi's.