I just realized that my PC fans say 12V and the DC power charger that I'm using says 9V. Is this a fire hazard?
No.
By running your fans at less than their rated voltage, they will be running SLOWER than max speed.
So they'll be much quieter, but they'll move less air.
The overload/fire hazard risk comes into play if you overload your transformer.
What matters is the current draw from your fan compared to the rating on the transformer.
In other words, if you attach 20 fans, each drawing 0.5 amps (for example) to a 12V DC transformer rated to deliver only 3 amps, you'll overload the transformer.
It will probably just burn out, but yes, it could overhead and pose a fire risk.
In your case, I strongly doubt you'll be overloading any normal transformer with one really low-current draw 80mm computer fan.