Two studies on the effects of media on how people voted.
One from 2007 and
one more recently.
I'm not going to copy and paste much from them.
The second study was reviewed on Vox and their summary is easier to digest:
It could even be flipping elections.
www.vox.com
the first study, published in 2007 and looked into changes in voting patterns between 1996 and 2000 in communities after Fox began to broadcast in them. Fox came online earlier in some areas than in others and the study compared shifts in voter sentiment based when Fox began to pump their brand of "news" into them. Their conclusion:
We find a significant effect of exposure to Fox News on voting. Towns with Fox News have a 0.4 to 0.7 percentage point higher Republican vote share in the 2000 presidential elections, compared to the 1996 elections. A vote shift of this magnitude is likely to have been decisive in the 2000 elections. We also find an effect on vote share in Senate elections, which Fox News did not cover, suggesting that the Fox News impact extends to general political beliefs. Finally, we find evidence that Fox News increased turnout to the polls
The second study, published in 2017, looked into the relative effects of cable news channels, MSNBC, CNN, and Fox. It also builds off of the earlier study and shows the effect that Fox has on elections is very strong.
Our estimates imply increasing effects of FNC on the Republican vote share in presidential elections over time, from 0.46 points in 2000 to 6.34 points in 2008. Furthermore, we estimate that cable news can increase polarization and explain about two-thirds of the increase among the public in the US, and that this increase depends on both a persuasive effect of cable news and the existence of tastes for like-minded news. Finally, we find that an influence-maximizing owner of the cable news channels could have large effects on vote shares, but would have to sacrifice some levels of viewership to maximize influence.
Elsewhere in the study, they showed that MSNBC, though every bit as biased as FNC, did not have the same effect on its viewers as did FNC. In fact, FNC was a stronger influence to get moderates and Democrats to vote for Republicans but MSNBC had none of that kind of effect on Republicans.
Given the results from these studies -- that FNC is a force in determining elections for Republicans in a way that left side biased channels do not -- the graphic shown below is a bit ominous to me. I don't really want to live in a right wing society that is hooked on fake news in order to justify its actions:
View attachment 4754571
Fox New knows what it's doing. Republican and wealthy people know it too. Even when its ideology was just slightly to the right, they helped Republican swing the 2000 elections. Over time, they have gone harder and harder to the left with concurrent effect on the political choices their viewers made. And then we had Trump.
So, I don't know how effective "reaching out" to the the radical right is going to be. Their propaganda machine is able to broadcast fake news 24/7 and get their viewership to buy into their BS without any evidence to back up their claims. Perhaps the problem is not that Democrats aren't being nice enough.