I'm getting to this thread rather late, but here goes.
The first pictures you posted are amanita muscaria. They are poisonous, yes. But rarely does anyone eat enough for it to cause any serious harm except stomach cramping. And yes, they are hallucinogens. Siberian shamans used to use them (and still do) for spiritual purposes. They can be found pretty much all over the world, and have been used in various cultures, including European ones. And they are not one of the fatal varieties of amanita like pantherina... They're the genuine article, I'm sure of it. And despite what everyone's been saying here, they DO NOT contain psilocybin. Psilocybe cubensis, azurescens, etcetera are NOT poisonous, and do not cause food poisoning. They're just a bit hard to digest... The stomach cramps are psychosymptomatic. It's the mushrooms playing with your nervous system, that's all.
The active alkaloids in amanita muscaria are ibotec acid and muscimol, not psilocybin. They are both hallucinogenic, but ibotec acid is very slightly poisonous, and will cause often cause nausea. I've ate a bunch of Siberian amanitas straight before with no stomach discomfort, however. There are two ways you can reduce the effects of the ibotec acid. One is what the Siberian Shamans do... Someone eats the caps, and then others drink the urine of the one who ingested it. The liver filters out the ibotec acid, and a decent amount of muscimol is excreted in the urine. Urine is clean, and people do actually do this (even in modern countries), but most people wouldn't go this far, for obvious reasons. The other thing you can do is fry it up for a few minutes on medium heat, and eat it between two buns, or straight. This converts some of the ibotec acid into muscimol, lessening the nauseating effect. And don't worry. It tastes remarkably like poultry. It's actually good eating. An average dose is a cap the size your first. Some people need two to get them going. If they're fresh and not dried, you stand a good chance of tripping. It's unlike magic mushrooms, so don't have any expectations.
Also, the spongy mushrooms that look like brains are morels. I still wouldn't eat them, because there are a few varieties of poisonous ones. Be sure before you ingest anything.
As for the other mushrooms, some of them might be a variety of cubensis. But don't take my word for it. The only way to be absolutely sure you're not eating anything that might seriously hurt you is to take a sport print. Cut off the stem, and lay a mushroom with the veil intact on white printer paper. It will drop the spores as it dries. Take an amazing picture of it, show it to me, and I MIGHT be able to identify it for you. There are a lot of "imposter" mushrooms that look like cubensis varieties, so for God's sake, don't eat anything.
Also, to the poster that mentioned the notebook paper/bluing... That's a myth. The bluing is a natural reaction of the mushroom to injury and oxydation. If you make a few small cuts on the stem, and it blues, there might be psilocybin in there. Then again, there are a number of poisonous species that also blue. This will not rub off on any paper. Growers do this to test to see if their substrate produced shrooms of some potency. That's all. Spore prints are one of the few ways that might actually identify it... Bluing alone is not enough. I'm not exactly sure why you're mushroom hunting if you don't know what you're looking for... Injesting anything can be dangerous or even deadly.
~Ethno
P.S. Enjoy those amanitas, but be careful, and don't eat too many. Vomit if you need to. Be safe.