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First of all that 98% is only when it's perfectly flat and clean. You'd be lucky to get 90% after installing and 80% after one grow. That's also one of the missed issues with reflectors on leds. They work decently when they are clean out of the box, but after one grow they lose ton of...

People should be using leds strips rather than boards anyway. Boards have very inferior spread compared to strips. It's the same blunder as putting reflectors on COBs. Nonsense like those reflectors and boards comes about because people simply do not understand how to properly measure efficacy...

That's pretty poor efficacy though? The point is to combine that vegetative phase light with the extra reds to make it work both in VEG and Boom?

Why 18"? How about lowering those lights to 5"?

They actually made the same mistake in their light calculator on the website for the LM301B leds. Somehow they seem to get confused about different color temperatures now and then.

Much less beneficial than light from the top though. So the simple answer would really be NO.

That's nonsense. There is some active uptake and some molecules will not fit through membranes, but that's all very limited. Plants do not determine their own nutrient ratio in what they take out of the water. They receive whatever nutrients which are in the water that they take in. It's just...

How could you lose plants due to a calcium deficiency? You see the deficiency, fix the problem, done. It's one of the easiest deficiencies to spot and correct for. And no there is no "LedDefficiency", it's just that passive uptake is a little lower due to lower transpiration rates since the...

That's not true at all though. Plants can not pick and choose what they would like to "eat".

They look nice too I guess :)

Led strips really offer much better light distribution than boards do. The thing is, you need to hang lights higher to get better uniformity. The bigger the maximum open distance between the light points (ie the gap in between the boards, strips or COBs), the higher you need to hang it and...

No, it's not like that like that at al. It's rather simple science at play. It's about this chart: If you want to induce flowering you want to excite Pfr and not Pr. So clearly 730nm it is. Also, a 730nm led does not emit only 730Nm Bonus info: Look at the 500nm wavelenght (green light)...

It is not supposed to represent the entire "far red"spectrum at all. It's been specifically chosen for regulating photoperiodism because around 730nm is only absorbed by the active version of the Phytochrome (Pfr).

I like to aim for 800umol/s/m2 average (or 75umol/s/ft2). So for a 4x8 sized grow that would be 2400umol/s. Divide by the efficacy of the leds and you get the number of watts you'd need. ie 870W per m2 for 2.75umol/J or 960W for 2.5umol/J or say 1400W for DE HPS :) I personally don't like single...

What is "best" depends on your own requirements though. ie electricity price, climate etc.

I'd say you still lose a lot more in efficacy on the led at 700mA compared to 350mA than you lose on the driver. You really need to be dimming below 30% and at that point you are better of using two drivers and switching one of them off (switching off half of the strips).

I'm saying that PWM is only used as one of the input options for a 3 in 1 dimming controller. The ouput is not PWM at all. It's a smooth DC output of the selected current/voltage .

Mean well drivers already get around 95% efficiency. How much more do you think you are going to get? PWM is not more efficient than a proper switching power supply with dimming contol like Mean Well produces. The leds run less efficient at the maximum current too. Run a led at 2000mA at 25%...

Mean Well actually states that from dimming level 8% and lower the output can be anything between 0% and 8%. So they simply don't do anything to improve output for that use case. Efficiency would be horrible at that level anyway, so why would you even care?

If you power the driver on then the inrush is always there. No matter how far it's dimmed back. Even if it's dimmed to off. The inrush comes is from charging up the internal capacitors in the driver. So unless they are charged already, they will charge up and result in an inrush. The only way...