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I like to use Maxigro/Maxibloom powder. Gives me some control over NPK throughout the grow. It costs more than Megacrop but about half price of bottle nutes. If I remember correctly Megacrop has almost the same NPK values as Maxigro, so one option would be to use Megacrop/Maxibloom to adjust...

Not that I know of.

A DC exhaust fan could drop electrical use by around 35% which isn't as big a difference as replacing the small AC fans with DC. Cost for putting a DC exhaust fan together could be as much or more than AC option. It's not something I've bothered doing. AC exhaust fans come ready to run with...

I build my own with Meanwell APV drivers and 120mm DC fans. No oscillation but I'm running a bar of 6, covers the whole area and only uses about 12 watts.

My opinion (which isn't entirely scientific) is that 3000K 90CRI alone is really good. When you add other spectrums with higher K values you're decreasing deep/far red percentages and boosting blue/green percentages. I can't provide exact percentages but for instance, what's the difference...

Really, I wouldn't recommend any bennies that come as a liquid. If they get hot in storage, or sit on the shelf too long they're no good. Powdered bennies used to inoculate clones is the way to go.

I don't mean how many. I mean what brand and model number are the cobs? We can figure out what the max is depending on which cobs you use, and also what is perhaps a more reasonable light level. Figure out the PPF you will be providing and you can determine the DLI.

Which cobs will you be running at 50w?

If you need to use it consider keep it outside the grow area so it evaporates before hitting the plants. VPD isn't really crucial in veg anyway. 60% RH and mid 70s is fine.

The plant will use the stored energy and a percentage will be released as heat. I did mention that.

Yea, just add 4 25w blue 1212s beside each 1000w 2000K DE. Near perfect spectrum, slightly less power than running straight DE... for instance for every 10 1000w units you would use, instead use 9 1100w units (DE + 100w cob) with the expectation of increased performance over 10,000w of full...

It depends. Similar return on investment over time could be less important for an investor. Low K DE bulbs supplemented with blue cobs could push the efficiency to 44-45% while keeping start up capital low.

I think it get's converted into electrons stored in carbohydrates. I'm not sure how much of that would be released later as heat, but not much I guess. Not the best answer but that's all I got.

Nothing to show really. The more energy you have rolling off the top of the lamp, and less being radiated to the plant, the lower the leaf temps will be, all other things being equal but the energy is still all there. I don't know of a special law that prevents a photon from converting entirely...

I'm looking at the website, not sure where the review is. Link it and I'll take a look. If he's mapping the par footprint that would be useful information. Honestly though, I've already decided I don't like that company and wouldn't purchase from them. There is good reason for this attitude...

The only chart they have is a center spot reading with side readings at 2m height which doesn't make much sense especially when you consider they don't provide a scale. Nowhere do they list PPF or PAR watts therefore I cannot help you out with the technicals of those lights except to say I would...

The absolute best lamp would be one you DIY. I'd consider an array of Vero 29Cs (3000K 90CRI) running at 500ma. 22 of them over a 4x4 would operate at about 750w drivers included and provide 445 par watts, more output than you can get from a 1000w DE.

The 500w par lamp would increase canopy temps but both lamps would create the same amount of heat.

It depends on how you are growing, but it's all about the PAR watts. For instance, a 600w LED at 50% efficiency is 300 par watts and since most of it is direct to canopy it will perform about the same as a 1000W SE bulb. Easily hit 2 in hydro. Somewhat less in soil but still close if you're...